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mic49200 2a low voltage ldo with dual input voltages micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? te l +1 (408) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micre l.com january 2006 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 general description the mic49200 is a high-bandwidth, low-dropout, 2a voltage regulator ideal for powering core voltages of low- power microprocessors. th e mic49200 implements a dual supply con guration allowing for very low output impedance and very fast transient response. the mic49200 requires a bias input supply and a main input supply, allowing for ultra-low input voltages on the main supply rail. the input supply operates from 1.4v to 6.5v and the bias supply re quires between 3v and 6.5v for proper operation. the mic49200 offers xed output voltages from 0.9v to 1.8v and adjustable output voltages down to 0.9v. the mic49200 requires a minimum of output capacitance for stability, working opti mally with small ceramic capacitors. the mic49200 is available in a 5-pin s-pak. its operating temperature range is ?40c to +125c. data sheets and support docu mentation can be found on micrel?s web site at: www.micrel.com. features ? input voltage range: v in : 1.4v to 6.5v v bias : 3.0v to 6.5v ? stable with 1f ceramic output capacitors ? 1% initial tolerance ? maximum dropout voltage (v in ?v out ) of 500mv over temperature ? adjustable output voltage down to 0.9v ? ultra fast transient response (up to 10mhz bandwidth) ? excellent line and load regulation speci cations ? logic controlled shutdown option ? thermal shutdown and current limit protection ? junction temperature range: ?40c to 125c applications ? set-top box ? graphics processors ? pc add-in cards ? microprocessor core voltage supply ? low voltage digital ics ? high efficiency linear power supplies ? smps post regulators typical application low voltage, fast transient response regulator load transient output voltage (50mv/div) output current (1a/div) time (40s/div) v in = 2.8v v out = 1.8v v bias = 4v c out = 1f
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 2 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 ordering information part number rohs compliant output current voltage junction temperature range package mic49200-1.0wr* 2a 1.0v ?40c to +125c s-pak-5 mic49200-1.8wr* 2a 1.8v ?40c to +125c s-pak-5 mic49200wr* 2a adj ?40c to +125c s-pak-5 * rohs compliant with ?high-melting solder? exemption. pin configuration 5-pin s-pak (r) pin description pin number s-pak-5 pin name pin function en enable (input): cmos compatible input. logic high = enable; logic low = shutdown. 1 adj adjustable regulator feedback input. connect to resistor voltage divider. 2 vbias input bias voltage for powering all circuitry on the regulator with the exception of the output power device. 3 gnd ground (tab is connected to ground on s-pak). 4 vin input voltage which supplies cu rrent to the output power device. 5 vout regulator output.
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 3 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 absolute maximum ratings (1) supply voltage (v in ) ................................................ 8v bias supply voltage (v bias ) ..................................... 8v enable input voltage (v en )...................................... 8v power dissipation............................. in ternally limited esd rating (3) .........................................................3kv operating ratings (2) supply voltage (v in )....................................1.4v to 6.5v bias supply voltage (v bias )...........................3v to 6.5v enable input voltage (v en )............................0v to 6.5v junction temperature ...................-40c t j +125c package thermal resistance s-pak ( ja ) ................................................. 2c/w electrical characteristics (4) t a = 25c with v bias = v out + 2.2v; v in = v out + 1v; bold values indicate ?40c t j +125c (5) , unless noted. parameter conditions min typ max units output voltage accuracy at 25c over temperature range (i out = 10ma) -1 -2 +1 +2 % % line regulation v in = v out + 1v to 6.5v -0.1 0.01 +0.1 %/v load regulation i l = 10ma to 2a 0.2 1 1.5 % % dropout voltage (v in ? v out ) (note 5) i l = 750ma i l = 1.5a i l = 2a 130 280 400 200 300 400 500 530 625 mv mv mv mv mv mv dropout voltage (v bias ? v out ) (note 5) i l = 750ma i l = 1.5a i l = 2a 1.3 1.65 1.75 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 v v v v v ground current (note 6) i l = 0ma i l = 2a 15 15 25 30 ma ma ma ground pin current in shutdown v en 0.6v, (v bias + i input ) (note 7) 0.5 1 2 a a current thru v bias i l = 0ma i l = 2a 9 40 15 25 120 ma ma ma current limit v out = 0v 2.5 3.5 5.3 6 a a enable input threshold regulator enable regulator shutdown 1.6 0.6 v v enable pin input current indep endent of state 0.1 1 a reference reference voltage adjustable version 0.891 0.882 0.9 0.909 0.918 v v
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 4 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 notes : 1. exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating range. 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions re commended. human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pf. 4. specification for packaged product only. 5. for v out 1.1v, v bias dropout specification does not apply due to a minimum 3v v bias input. dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured at 1v differential for v in and 2.2v differential for v bias . for outputs below 1.4v, dropout voltage is the input-t o-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage 1.4v. 6. i gnd = i bias + (i in ? i out ). at high loads, input current on v in will be less then the output current, due to drive current being supplied by v bias . 7. fixed output voltage versions only.
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 5 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 functional diagram v out enable bandgap v bias v in ilimit r1 r2 fixed adj. fixed v en / adj
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 6 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 typical characteristics 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 power supply rejection ratio (input supply) 1 frequency (khz) 0.1 0.01 10 100 1,000 2a 100ma v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 4v c out = 1f 0 20 40 60 80 power supply rejection ratio (bias supply) 1 frequency (khz) 0.1 0.01 10 1,000 100 2a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 4v c out = 1f i out = 2a 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 1200 1600 2000 output current (ma) dropout voltage (input supply) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 dropout voltage (bias supply) 1200 1600 2000 output current (ma) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 temperature (c) dropout voltage vs. temperature (input supply) 400 450 500 550 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 v in = v out +1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f i out = 100ma i out = 1a i out = 2a 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.0 temperature (c) dropout voltage vs. temperature (bias supply) 1.8 1.6 i out = 2a i out = 100ma i out = 1a v in = v out +1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 0123456 input voltage (v) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 dropout characteristics (input supply) v bias = 5v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 2a 10ma 0 0123456 bias voltage (v) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 dropout characteristics (bias supply) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 2a 10ma 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 1.50 1.51 1.52 output current (a) load regulation v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f output voltage vs. temperature temperature (c) 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v 1.50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 3 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) maximum bias current vs. bias voltage v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v i out = 2a c out = 1f v adj = 0v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 maximum bias current vs. temperature temperature (c) i bias v in = v out +1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f v adj = 0v
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 7 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 bias current vs. temperature temperature (c) i out = 100ma i out = 1.5a i out = 2a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 10 20 30 40 50 bias current vs. output current 1200 1600 2000 output current (a) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 input voltage (v) ground current vs. input voltage 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 i out =0a v bias = v out + 2.1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) ground current vs. bias voltage i out = 0a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 bias voltage (v) bias current vs. bias voltage i out =0a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) bias current vs. bias voltage i out = 100ma v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 10 20 30 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) bias current vs. bias voltage i out = 750ma v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 10 20 30 40 50 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) bias current vs. bias voltage i out = 1.5a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 10 20 30 40 50 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) bias current vs. bias voltage i out = 2a v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 input voltage (v) bias current vs. input voltage 100ma v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0ma 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 input voltage (v) bias current vs. input voltage 750ma v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 2a 0.899 0.901 reference voltage vs. input voltage 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 input voltage (v) 0.900 v out = 1.5v v bias = 5v c out = 1f
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 8 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 0.899 0.900 0.901 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 bias voltage (v) reference voltage vs. bias voltage v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 short circuit current vs. temperature temperature (c) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1v v bias = 5v c out = 1f 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 bias voltage (v) enable threshold vs. bias voltage off on v in = v out + 1v v out = 1v c out = 1f 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 enble threshold vs. temperature off on v in = v out + 1v v out = 1v v bias = 5v c out = 1f temperature (c) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 input voltage (v) current limit vs. input voltage v bias = 3.3v c out = 1f v out = 1.5v 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 23456 bias voltage (v) current limit vs. bias voltage v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.5v c out = 1f
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 9 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 functional characteristics line transient ( v in ) output volta g e (20mv/div) input volta g e (2v/div) time (100s/div) v out = 1.5v v bias = 3.3v c out = 1f i out = 2a v in = 3.3v v in = 5v line transient ( v bias ) output volta g e (20mv/div) bias voltage (2v/div) time (20s/div) v in = 2.8v v out = 1.8v c out = 1f i out = 2a v bias = 4v v bias = 6v enable turn-on enable (2v/div) output volta g e (1v/div) time (4s/div) v in = v out + 1v v out = 1.8v v bias = 4v c out = 1f load transient output voltage (50mv/div) output current (1a/div) time (40s/div) v in = 2.8v v out = 1.8v v bias = 4v c out = 1f
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 10 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 applications information the mic49200 is an ultra-high performance, low- dropout linear regulator designed for high current applications requiring fast transient response. the mic49200 utilizes two input supplies, signi cantly reducing dropout voltage, per fect for low-voltage, dc- to-dc conversion. the mic49200 requires a minimum of external components and obtains a bandwidth of up to 10mhz. as a cap regulator, the output is tolerant of virtually any type of capacitor including ceramic type and tantalum type capacitors. the mic49200 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions, offering linear current limiting and thermal shutdown. bias supply voltage v bias , requiring relatively light current, provides power to the control portion of the mic49200. v bias requires approximately 40ma for a 1.5a load current. dropout conditions require higher currents. most of the biasing current is used to supply the base current to the pass transistor. this allows the pass element to be driven into saturation thereby reducing the dropout to 400mv at a 2a load current. bypassing on the bias pin is recommended to improve performance of the regulator during line and load transients. small ceramic capacitors from v bias -to-ground help reduce high-frequency noise from being injected into the control circuitry from the bias rail and represent good design practice. good bypass techniques typically include one larger capacitor such as 1f ceramic and smaller valued capacitors such as 0.01f or 0.001f in parallel with that larger capacitor to decouple the bias supply. the v bias input voltage must be 2.1v above the output voltage with a minimum v bias input voltage of 3 volts. input supply voltage v in provides the high current to the collector of the pass transistor. the minimum input voltage is 1.4v, allowing conversion from low voltage supplies. output capacitor the mic49200 requires a minimum of output capacitance to maintain st ability. however, proper capacitor selection is important to ensure desired transient response. the mic49200 is speci cally designed to be stable with virtually any capacitance value and esr. a 1f ceramic chip capacitor should satisfy most applications. ou tput capacitance can be increased without bound. see ? typical characteristic ? subsection for examples of load transient response. x7r dielectric ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperatur e performance. x7r-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range an d are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. z5u and y5v dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their operating temperature ranges. to use a ceramic chip capacitor with y5v dielectric, the value must be much higher than an x7r ceramic or a tantalum capacitor to ensure the same capacitance value over the operating temperature range. tantalum capacitors have a very stable dielectric (10% over t heir operating temperature range) and can also be used with this device. input capacitor an input capacitor of 1f or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4" away from the bulk supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. small, surface-mount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. the capacitor should be placed within 1" of the dev ice for optimal performance. larger values will he lp to improve ripp le rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. thermal design linear regulators are simple to use. the most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. thermal design requires the following application-speci c parameters: ? maximum ambient temperature (t a ) ? output current (i out ) ? output voltage (v out ) ? input voltage (v in ) ? ground current (i gnd ) first, calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet. p d = v in i in + v bias i bias ? v out i out as the load increases, t he input current will be less than the output current at high output currents. the bias current is a sum of base drive and ground current. ground current is constant over load current. the heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula: d a j(max) sa p t t ? =
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 11 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 the heat sink may be signi cantly reduced in applications where the maximum input voltage is known and large compared with the dropout voltage. use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. the low-dropout properties of the mic49200 allow signi cant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. when this technique is employed, a capa citor of at least 1f is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. refer to ? application note 9 ? for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink speci cation. minimum load current the mic49200, unlike most other high current regulators, does not require a minimum load to maintain output voltage regulation. adjustable regulator design the mic49200 adjustable version allows programming the output voltage anywhere between 0.9v and 5v. two resistors are used. the resistor value between v out and the adjust pin should not exceed 10k ? . larger values can ca use instability. the resistor values are calculated by: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? + = 1 r r 0.9 v 2 1 out where v out is the desired output voltage. enable the xed output voltage versions of the mic49200 feature an active high enable input (en) that allows on-off control of the regulator. supply currents reduce to ?zero? when the device is in shutdown, with only microamperes of leakage current. the en input has ttl/cmos compatible thres holds for simple logic interfacing. en may be directly tied to v in and pulled up to the maximum supply voltage.
micrel, inc. mic49200 january 2006 12 m9999-011306 (408) 955-1690 package information 5-pin s-pak (r) micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fax +1 (408) 474-1000 web http:/www.micrel.com the information furnished by micrel in this data sheet is belie ved to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is a ssumed by micrel for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specificati ons at any time without notification to the customer. micrel products are not designed or authori zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. li fe support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a ) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to resul t in a significant injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel products for use in life s upport appliances, devices or systems is a pu rchaser?s own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel fo r any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2005 micrel, inc.

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